قصه 3 ثانوى مترجمه ( الفصل الاول) سجين زندا

الكليمات



Chapter 1


Vocabulary


dining room غرفة الطعام
lord اللورد (لقب شرف في إنجلترا) / حاكم  
egg spoon ملعقة خاصة لفصل البيضة المسلوقة عن قشرتها
countess كونتيسة (لقب شرف في بعض أقطار أوروبا)  
position مركز اجتماعي / مكانة
good with a gun مصوّب بارع بالمسدس  
annoy – ed – ed يضايق / يُغضِب
realise – d – d يدرك / يفهم / يعي  
swordsman مبارز بالسيف
responsibilities مسئوليات  
opportunities فرص
ambassador سفير  
sister-in-law زوجة الأخ
moreover علاوة على ذلك  
sounded interesting بدت مثيرة للاهتمام
how good of you! إنه لشيئ رائع منك  
embassy سفارة
Ruritania روريتانيا : بلد خيالية في وسط أوروبا وهي مسرح أحداث الرواية  
royal family العائلة المالكة (المَلكية)
  paintings لوحات / صور مرسومة  
descendants أحفاد
straight nose أنف مستقيمة  
appearance مظهر / هيئة / شكل
  celebrations احتفالات  
joyous سعيد / مبهج / سار
the Alps جبال الألب (سلسلة جبال في أوروبا)  
social اجتماعية (متعلقة بالمجتمع)
politics السياسة  
has nothing to do with ليس له علاقة بـ
The Continental Hotel فندق كونتيننتال  
check in – ed – ed ينزل في فندق
call on – ed – ed يزور  
ambition الطموح / التطلعات
  Duke دوق (أعلى رتبة شرف وراثية)  
half-brother أخ غير شقيق
favourite son الابن المفضل  
coronation حفل تتويج الملك
Dresden دريزدن (مدينة ألمانية)  
I'd say أتفق معك تماما / في تقديري
wonder – ed – ed يتساءل  
fashionably مساير للموضة / عصري
  stare at – ed – ed يحدق النظر في    
border حدود الدولة
hills التلال  
excitement الاثارة
remain – ed – ed يبقى / يظل  
castle قلعة
run – ran - run يدير (فندق مثلا)  
inn فندق ريفي
care about يهتم بـ / يعتني بـ  
responsible for مسئول عن
the forest الغابة  
hunting lodge كوخ يستخدم وقت رحلات الصيد
a deep voice صوت جهير  
servant خادم
step back – stepped يتراجع خطوة للوراء  
take off – took – taken يخلع (ملابس)
trader تاجر  
relaxed ليس متوترا أو مشدودا
luggage حقائب السفر  
contact – ed – ed يتصل بـ
well built ذات بناء متين  
set off – set – set ينطلق في رحلة
mansion بيت كبير / قصر  
moat خندق مائي (يبنى حول قلعة لحمايتها)
well-defended محصّن جيدا  
drawbridge جسر متحرك
peaceful مسالم / يبعث على الطمأنينة  
shade ظِل
Why, look at him!
يا للعجب! انظر إليه!  
wake – woke – woken يوقظ من النوم
light blue أزرق فاتح  
tough قوي البنية / صارم
gentleman رجل نبيل / عريق النسب  
medium height متوسط الطول
extraordinary عجيب / مدهش  
guesses تخمينات
shake hands – shook يصافح باليد  
colonel عقيد (رتبة)
twins توأم  
army جيش
personalities شخصيات  
identical متطابقان / متشابهان تماما
action هنا بمعنى: معركة/ الدخول في معركة  
sword سيف in amazement في ذهول

I was eating breakfast in the dining room of my brother's house one sunny morning, thinking about what I would do that week, when my brother's wife Rose came into the room.
"Rudolf, you're 29 years old," she said. "Are you ever going to do anything useful?" "Rose," I answered, putting down my egg spoon, "why should I do anything? I have nearly enough money to do anything I want to (no one ever has quite enough money to do that, of course), and I enjoy an important position in society: my brother's Lord Burlesdon and you are a countess."
في صباح يوم مشمس, كنت أتناول الإفطار في غرفة الطعام في منزل أخي وأفكر فيما سأفعله ذلك الأسبوع عندما دخلت الحجرة زوجة أخي, روز.
قالت روز, "رودولف, أنت الآن تبلغ من العمر تسع وعشرون عاما, ألا تنوي أبدا أن تفعل شيئا مفيدا؟" فأجبتُ وأنا أضع ملعقة البيض على المنضدة, " لماذا ينبغي عليّ أن أفعل أي شيئ يا روز؟ أنا أمتلك من المال تقريبا ما يكفي لعمل أي شيئ أريده (بالطبع لا أحد يمتلك مطلقا مالا كافيا لعمل ذلك), كما أنني أتمتع بمركز مرموق في المجتمع, فأخي هو اللورد بيرلسدون وأنت كونتيسة."
"But you've done nothing except……"
"Be lazy? It's true. I'm a member of the Rassendyll family and our family don't need to do things." This annoyed Rose, because her family were rich but less important than the Rassendylls. At this moment, my brother Lord Burlesdon (who we were happy to call simply Robert) came into the room. "Robert, I'm so happy you're back!" cried Rose. "What's the matter, my dear?" Robert asked her. "She's angry because she thinks I don't do anything," I explained to my brother.
فقالت روز, "ولكنك لم تفعل أي شيئ عدا ......"
قاطعتها قائلا, "عدا أن أكون كسولا؟ هذا حقيقي. فأنا أحد أعضاء عائلة راسيندل وعائلتنا ليست بحاجة إلى القيام بعمل أي شيئ." هذا الكلام أغضب روز حيث أن عائلتها كانت غنية ولكنها لم تكن عائلة مرموقة كعائلة راسيندل. في هذه اللحظة, دخل إلى الحجرة أخي اللورد بيرلسدون (الذي كان يسعدنا أن نناديه ببساطة باسم روبرت), فصاحت روز, "روبرت, أنا سعيدة للغاية بعودتك." فسألها روبرت, "ما الأمر يا عزيزتي؟" فشرحتُ الأمر لأخي قائلا, "إنها غاضبة لأنها تعتقد أنني لا أقوم بعمل أي شيئ."
At this point, I should explain that I had not been lazy all my life. I had studied hard and learned a lot when I was at a German school and German university. I spoke German as well as I spoke English, and I also knew how to speak French, Italian and Spanish. I was good with a gun and a strong swordsman. I was also very good at riding a horse.
عند هذه النقطة, يجب أن أشرح أنني لم أكن كسولا طوال حياتي, فأنا درستُ على نحوٍ جاد وتعلمت الكثير عندما كنت في مدرسة ألمانية وجامعة ألمانية. وتحدثتُ الألمانية بالإضافة إلى الإنجليزية, وكذلك تعلمتُ كيف أتحدث الفرنسية والإيطالية والأسبانية. وكنت ماهرا في التصويب بالمسدس وكنت مبارزا قويا بالسيف, كما أنني كنت بارعا جدا في ركوب الخيل.
"It's not just your red hair that makes you different from your brother," said Rose. "He also realises his position in society has responsibilities. You only see opportunities in yours." "To a man like me, opportunities are responsibilities," I explained. "Good, because I have some news for you," said Rose. "Sir Jacob Borrodaile tells me he'll offer you a real opportunity. He's going to be an ambassador in six months' time, and he says he's happy for you to work for him. I hope you'll take this job, Rudolf."
قالت روز, "إن شعرك الأحمر ليس هو فقط ما يجعلك مختلفا عن أخيك, فهو يدرك أيضا أن مركزه في المجتمع له مسئوليات. أما أنت فترى في مركزك الإجتماعي الفرص فقط." فقلت لها مفسّرا, "بالنسبة لرجل مثلي, الفرص تعتبر مسئوليات." فقالت روز, "هذا جيد, لأن عندي بعض الأخبار لك. أبلغني السيد جاكوب بوروديل أنه سيعرض عليك فرصة حقيقية. فهو سيصبح سفيرا في خلال ستة أشهر, وهو يقول أنه يسعده أن تعمل معه. أتمنى أن تحصل على هذه الوظيفة يا رودولف."
My sister-in-law has a way of asking people to do things which is impossible to refuse. Moreover, I thought this job sounded quite interesting, so I said, "If in six months' time I'm in a position to take this job, then I'll certainly say yes." "Oh, Rudolf, how good of you!" said Rose.
"Where will he be working?" I asked. "Sir Jacob doesn't know which country it will be, but he's sure it will be a good embassy."
"For you I'll do it, even if it's a terrible embassy," I replied.
زوجة أخي لها أسلوب تطلب به من الآخرين عمل الأشياء من المستحيل رفضه. علاوة على ذلك, كان في اعتقادي أن هذه الوظيفة مثيرة للاهتمام للغاية, لذلك قلت, "إذا كنتُ في خلال ستة أشهر في وضع يجعلني أحصل على هذه الوظيفة, فأنا بالتأكيد سأقبلها." فقالت روز, "إنه شيئ رائع منك يا رودولف." فسألتها قائلا, "وأين سيعمل؟" فقالت, "السيد جاكوب لا يعرف في أي دولة سيكون العمل, ولكنه متأكد أنها ستكون سفارة جيدة." فقلت, "سوف أحصل على هذه الوظيفة لأجل خاطركِ أنتِ حتى ولو كانت سفارة في غاية السوء."
Now, I had made my promise to Rose, but there were still six months to go before the job would start, and I began to think about what I could do in this time. I decided that I would visit Ruritania, a small country in the middle of Europe. My family have always had an interest in that country because in 1733, Countess Amelia Rassendyll married a member of the Ruritanian royal family, the Elphbergs. In fact my brother has paintaings of her and her descendants on his walls: many of them have the same red hair and straight noses as the Elphbergs; I am the latest one to have the appearance of the Ruritanian royal family.
الآن قطعتُ وعدا على نفسي أمام روز, ولكن كان هناك ستة أشهر للانطلاق قبل أن أبدأ الوظيفة. وبدأت أفكر فيما يمكن أن أفعله في هذه المدة. قررتُ أن أزور روريتانيا, وهي دولة صغيرة في وسط أوروبا. عائلتي كانت دائما مهتمة بهذه الدولة لأنه في عام 1733 تزوجت الكونتيسة أميليا راسيندل من أحد أعضاء العائلة المالكة لدولة روريتانيا, عائلة إلفبرج. في الواقع, يضع أخي لوحات للكونتيسة وأحفادها على جدران منزله. يوجد لدى الكثيرين منهم نفس الشعر الأحمر والأنف المستقيمة التي يتسم بها أفراد عائلة إلفبرج. أنا آخر فرد في عائلتي له نفس شكل العائلة المالكة لروريتانيا.
My decision was helped a few days later when I read in The Times newspaper that Rudolf the Fifth was to become King of Ruritania in the next three weeks, and that amazing celebrations were planned for this joyous occasion. I thought how fantastic it would be to see such an event and began to prepare for my journey.
I do not like to tell people where I go on my travels, so I told Rose that I was going walking in the Alps. I did not want her to think I was being lazy either, so I told her I was going to write a book about social problems in the country.
حدث شيئ بعدها بأيام قليلة دعّم قراري بالسفر إلى روريتانيا, فقد قرأت في جريدة التايمز أن رودولف الخامس كان سيصبح ملكا على روريتانيا في خلال الأسابيع الثلاثة القادمة, وأنه تم الإعداد لاحتفالات رائعة بهذه المناسبة السعيدة. فكرتُ أن مشاهدة مثل هذا الحدث سيكون شيئا رائعا, وبدأتُ أعدّ لرحلتي.
أنا لا أحب أن أخبر أحدا عن الأماكن التي أذهب إليها في رحلاتي, لذلك فقد أخبرتُ روز أنني ذاهب لممارسة رياضة المشي في جبال الألب. ولأنني لم أكن أريدها أن تعتقد أنني كنت كسولا أيضا, فأخبرتها أنني أنوي تأليف كتاب عن المشكلات الاجتماعية في الريف.

"You're going to write a book? That would be such a good thing to do, wouldn't it, Robert?" said Rose.
"Yes, indeed. Writing a book's the best way to get into politics," agreed Robert, and he should know, as he has written many books himself.
"You're right," I said to them both. However, I had no plan to really write a book, which shows how little we know about the future. Because here I am now, writing a book as I had promised to do, even if the book has nothing to do with the social problems in the Alps. But let me begin near the start of my journey to Ruritania.
قالت روز, "هل تنوي تأليف كتاب؟ هذا سيكون شيئا جيدا تقوم به, أليس كذلك يا روبرت؟" فوافقها روبرت الرأي قائلا, "نعم, بالطبع. إن تأليف كتاب هو أفضل طريقة للانخراط في السياسة." بالتأكيد روبرت يعرف ذلك حيث أنه شخصيا قام بتأليف العديد من الكتب.
فقلت لهما, "معكما حق." وبالرغم من ذلك, لم تكن لديّ نية أن أقوم بتأليف كتاب حقا, وهذا يبين أن معرفتنا بالمستقبل ضئيلة للغاية. فها هو أنا الآن أقوم بتأليف كتاب كما وعدتُ, على الرغم أن هذا الكتاب لا علاقة له بالمشكلات الاجتماعية في منطقة الألب. ولكن اسمحوا لي أن أبدأ بالحديث عن بداية رحلتي إلى روريتانيا.
My Uncle William always said that no man should ever pass through Paris without spending twenty-four hours in the city, so I took his advice and booked a night at The Continental Hotel. As soon as I had checked in, I called on some old friends that I knew in the French capital: George Featherly, who worked at the embassy, and Bertram Bertrand, who was now a famous journalist in the city. That evening, we all ate in a restaurant and they told me all about the latest exciting events in Paris.
كان عمي ويليام يقول دائما أنه لا ينبغي على أي شخص أن يمر على باريس دون أن يقضي بها أربع وعشرين ساعة, لذلك عملتُ بنصيحته وحجزتُ ليلة في فندق كونتيننتال. بمجرد وصولي للفندق, زرت بعض أصدقائي القدامى الذين أعرفهم في العاصمة الفرنسية وهما جورج فيذرلي, الذي كان يعمل بالسفارة, وبرترام برتراند, الذي كان الآن صحفيا شهيرا في باريس. ذلك المساء, تناولنا الطعام في أحد المطاعم, وأخبروني بكل الأحداث المثيرة التي وقعت مؤخرا في باريس.
"We've had quite a few important people visiting the city recently," said Bertram. "Anyone I'd know?" I asked. "Well, I met Antoinette du Mauban today," Bertram replied. "You've probably heard of her. She's a lady who's well known for her wealth and ambition. But she's leaving Paris today, we don't know where she's going to next." "So why did she come to Paris?" I asked. "She was a guest of the Duke of Strelsau," said George. "I met him at the embassy yesterday. He's the half-brother to the King of Ruritania. People say he was his father's favourite son. He's gone back for the coronation, although I don't think he'll enjoy it very much because he probably wishes he were the king. I don't think he likes being only a Duke." "I hear he's a clever man, though," said Bertram.
"He's extremely clever, I'd say," agreed George.
قال برترام, "لقد كان هناك القليل جدا من المشاهير الذين قاموا بزيارة باريس مؤخرا."
فسألته, "هل بينهم أي شخص أعرفه؟" فأجاب برترام, "حسنا, أنا قابلتُ أنطوانيت دو موبان اليوم, ربما تكون قد سمعتُ عنها. إنها سيدة نبيلة تشتهر بثروتها وتطلعاتها, ولكنها سوف تغادر باريس اليوم ولا نعرف إلى أين ستكون وجهتها القادمة." فسألته, "ولماذا جاءت إلى باريس؟" فقال جورج, "كانت ضيفة عند دوق ستريلسو. أنا قابلته في السفارة بالأمس. إنه الأخ غير الشقيق لملك روريتانيا. يقول الناس أنه كان الابن المفضل لدى أبيه. ولقد عاد لحضور حفل التتويج بالرغم أنني لا أعتقد أنه سيكون مستمتعا بهذه المناسبة لأنه يودّ لو أنه هو الملك. أنا لا أعتقد أنه يحب أن يكون مجرد دوق." وقال برترام, "ورغم ذلك أنا سمعت أنه رجل ماهر." فوافقه جورج قائلا, "أتفق معك تماما أنه ماهر للغاية."
The next day, George came with me to the station and I bought a ticket to my next stop, Dresden. I did not tell him that I was going to Ruritania. If I had, the news would have gone immediately to Bertram and then it would have been in all the newspapers within days.
في اليوم التالي, أتى جورج معي إلى المحطة واشتريت تذكرة إلى محطتي التالية مدينة دريزدن. لم أخبر جورج أنني كنت ذاهبا إلى روريتانيا, لأنني لو فعلتُ ذلك لانتقل الخبر على الفور إلى برترام ومن ثم لانتقل إلى كل الصحف في غضون أيام.
Just as I was about to get on the train, George suddenly smiled and walked away to talk to a beautiful, tall and fashionably dressed woman of about thirty who was standing at the ticket office with two younger women. I thought these must be her servants.
"You have an important person to travel with," George told me when he returned a few minutes later. "That's Antoinette du Mauban and she's also going to Dresden."
بينما كنت على وشك ركوب القطار, ابتسم جورج فجأة وذهب ليتحدث مع امرأة جميلة وطويلة القامة ترتدي ملابس عصرية تبلغ من العمر حوالي ثلاثين عاما, والتي كانت تقف عند مكتب بيع التذاكر مع امرأتين شابتين, كانتا في تقديري خادمتين لها.
عندما عاد جورج بعد دقائق قليلة قال لي, "إنك ستسافر مع إحدى الشخصيات المرموقة. إنها أنطوانيت دو موبان وهي أيضا متجهة إلى دريزدن."
Paris was soon behind me. It was a long and boring journey and I wondered if I would see Antoinette du Mauban in the dining car when I ate in the train that evening, or perhaps at breakfast the next morning. However, I did not see the lady again until the following day, when both she and I got on the next train from Dresden to Ruritania. She was further up the train, however, and did not see me.
سريعا, تركنا باريس خلفنا. كانت الرحلة طويلة ومملة وتساءلت إذا كنت سأرى أنطوانيت دو موبان في عربة الطعام عندما أتناول طعامي في القطار ذلك المساء, أو ربما أراها وقت الإفطار في الصباح التالي. ومع ذلك لم أر السيدة مرة أخرى حتى اليوم التالي عندما صعد كلانا إلى القطار المتجه من دريزدن إلى روريتانيا. ولكنها كانت تبعد عني بمسافة في القطار فلم تراني.
A few hours later, the train arrived at the Ruritanian border where we stopped so the guards could check our passports. I was surprised when the guards stared at me and my passport for some time before letting me into the country. Once in Ruritania, I bought a newspaper and read that the King's coronation was to be in two days' time, which was much earlier than I had thought. The newspaper described the excitement in the country and in particular the capital city, Strelsau, where it said all the hotels were full with people who wanted to see the event.
بعد ساعات قليلة, وصل القطار إلى حدود روريتانيا حيث توقفنا لكي يفحص الحراس جوازات سفرنا. اندهشتُ عندما حدّق الحراس في وجهي وفي جواز سفري لبعض الوقت قبل أن يسمحوا لي بدخول البلد. بمجرد أن دخلتُ روريتانيا, اشتريت جريدة وقرأت فيها أن حفل تتويج الملك كان سيتم في خلال يومين. هذا التوقيت كان مبكرا جدا عمّا كنت أعتقد. وصفت الجريدة حالة الإثارة الموجودة في الدولة لا سيّما في العاصمة ستريلسو, حيث قالت الجريدة أن كل الفنادق كانت تمتلئ بالأشخاص الذين كانوا يريدون مشاهدة هذه المناسبة.

On reading this, I decided it would be best to stop at Zenda, a small town eighty kilometres from the capital, and about ten kilometres from the border. Here I could walk in the hills and see the town's famous castle, then I could take the train for the day to Srelsau to see the coronation. As I got off the train at Zenda, I saw Antoinette du Mauban, who remained on the train for its journey to the capital, but she did not look at me.
عندما قرأتُ ذلك, قررتُ أنه من الأفضل أن أتوقف في زندا, وهي مدينة صغيرة تبعد ثمانين كيلومترا عن العاصمة, وحوالي عشر كيلومترات عن الحدود. في هذه المدينة أستطيع أن أتمشى في التلال وأشاهد القلعة الشهيرة بالمدينة, ثم أركبُ القطار في ذات اليوم إلى ستريلسو لأشاهد حفل التتويج. بينما كنت أهبط من القطار في زندا, رأيتُ أنطوانيت دو موبان التي ظلّت في القطار لتواصل الرحلة إلى العاصمة, ولكنها لم تنظر إليّ.
I was welcomed at the inn in Zenda by an old woman who ran it with her two daughters. She said she was not very interested in what happened in the capital, but she loved the Duke of Strelsau, who she called Duke Michael. He was the man who was responsible for the land around Zenda and its castle. In fact, the hotel owner said she wished the Duke was the new King and not his brother.
رحّبت بي في الفندق الريفي امرأة عجوز التي كانت تديره مع ابنتيها. قالت لي أنها لم تكن مهتمة بما يحدث في العاصمة ولكنها كانت تحب دوق ستريلسو الذي كانت تطلق عليه الدوق مايكل. إنه كان الرجل المسئول عن الأرض داخل زندا والقلعة الموجودة بها. في الحقيقة, كانت صاحبة الفندق تتمنى لو أن الدوق كان هو الملك الجديد وليس أخيه.
"We all know Duke Michael," she explained. "He's always lived in Ruritania and he cares about the people, so people like him. As for the King, well, he's almost a stranger. He's been abroad for most of his life and not many people even know what he looks like. Now the King's staying in a hunting lodge in the forest, very near to Zenda. From there he'll travel to the capital for his coronation."
شرحت المرأة قائلة, "نحن جميعا نعرف الدوق مايكل, فهو كان دائما يعيش في روريتانيا ويهتم بأمر شعبها, ولذلك يحبه الناس. أما بالنسبة للملك, حسنا, إنه تقريبا غريبٌ عنا. فقد قضى معظم حياته خارج البلاد كما أن الكثير من الناس لا يعرفون حتى شكله. الآن الملك يقيم في كوخ يستخدمه عند الصيد في الغابة, وهو قريب جدا من زندا, وسوف يسافر من هناك إلى العاصمة من أجل تتويجه."
I was interested to hear this, and decided I would walk in the forest the next day so that I might see him. "I wish he'd stay there in the forest," continued the woman. "People say he only likes hunting and good food. He should let the Duke become our King. And there are many others who think the same."
"Well I don't like Duke Michael," said her older daughter. "They say the King has red hair just like you!" "Many men have red hair like me," I laughed.
"How do you know the King has red hair?" The old woman asked her daughter.
"Johann, the Duke's servant, told me," she explained. "He's seen the King at the hunting lodge."
كنت مهتما لسماع ذلك وقررتُ أن أمشي في الغابة في اليوم التالي لعلّي أراه. واصلت المرأة كلامها قائلة, "أتمنى لو أنه يبقى هناك في الغابة. الناس يقولون أنه يحب فقط الصيد والطعام الجيد. يجب عليه أن يسمح للدوق أن يصبح ملكنا الجديد, وهناك الكثير من الناس الذين لديهم نفس الرأي." فقالت ابنتها الكبرى, "حسنا, أنا لا أحب الدوق مايكل. إنهم يقولون أن الملك له شعر أحمر مثلك تماما." فقلت ضاحكا, "الكثير من الرجال لديهم شعر أحمر مثلي."
سألت المرأة العجوز ابنتها, "كيف علمتِ أن الملك شعره أحمر؟" فشرحت لها الابنة, "أخبرني بذلك جوهان, خادم الدوق, فقد شاهد الملك عند كوخ الصيد."
"But why's the King here, if it's the Duke's land?" I asked.
"The Duke invited him, sir," explained the old lady. "The Duke's in Strelsau, preparing for the coronation."
"So they are good friends?"
"I don't know if you can be good friends if you want the same thing."
"What do you mean?"
"Duke Michael would like to be King, too, I'm sure."
"Well!," I said "I feel quite sorry for the Duke, but it's right that the older brother becomes king."
سألتهما قائلا, "لماذا يتواجد الملك هنا إذا كانت هذه هي أرض الدوق؟" فشرحت السيدة العجوز, "لقد قام الدوق بدعوته يا سيدي. الدوق موجود في ستريلسو ليقوم بالإعداد لحفل التتويج." فقلتُ, "هما صديقان إذا؟" فردّت العجوز, "لا أعرف إذا كان من الممكن أن تكونا صديقين إذا كنتما تريدان نفس الشيئ." قلت لها, "ماذا تقصدين؟" فقالت, "أنا واثقة أن الدوق مايكل يودّ أن يكون الملك أيضا." فقلتُ, "حسنا, أنا أشعر بالحزن تماما على الدوق, ولكن من حق الأخ الأكبر أن يصبح هو الملك."
"Who's talking of the Duke?" said a deep voice from outside the door.
"We have a guest, Johann," called the old lady, as a man entered the room. When he saw me, he took off his hat and stepped back in surprise, as though he had seen something amazing.
"What's the matter, Johann?" asked the old lady. "This gentleman's come to our country to see the coronation."
"It's the red hair," said one of the daughters. "We don't often see it in our country unless you're part of the King's family, the Elphbergs. Many of them have red hair."
قال صوت جهير من خارج الباب, "من الذي يتحدث عن الدوق؟" فقالت السيدة العجوز عندما دخل رجلٌ الحجرة, "عندنا أحد الضيوف يا جوهان." عندما رآني الرجل, خلع قبعته وتراجع خطوة للخلف مندهشا كما لو أنه رأى شيئا مذهلا. فسألته السيدة العجوز, "ماذا بك يا جوهان؟ لقد حضر هذا السيد النبيل إلى بلدنا ليشاهد حفل التتويج." فقالت إحدى بناتيها, "إنه مندهش من الشعر الأحمر. نحن لا نرى الشعر الأحمر كثيرا في بلدنا إلا إذا كنت جزءا من عائلة الملك, عائلة إلفبرج. الكثير منهم شعره أحمر."
The man continued to stare at me, but said, "Good evening, sir. I'm sorry, I didn't expect to see any new guests here."
"Don't worry," I said. "It's late and time I went to bed. I wish you all a good night. Thank you, ladies, for our conversation." I stood up to go to my room, when Johann suddenly said, "Sir, have you ever seen our King?"
"No, I've never seen him, but I hope to do so on Wednesday at the coronation."
Johann said no more, but I felt his eyes on me as I walked up the stairs.
استمر الرجل في التحديق في, ولكنه قال, "مساء الخير يا سيدي. أنا آسف, فلم أكن أتوقع أن أرى أي ضيوف جدد هنا." فقلت له, "لا عليك. الوقت تأخر وحان موعد نومي. طابت ليلتكم جميعا. شكرا لكم سيداتي على محادثتنا." وقفت لكي أذهب إلى غرفتي عندما قال جوهان فجأة, "سيدي, هل سبق لك رؤية ملكنا؟" فقلت له, "لا, لم يسبق لي رؤيته مطلقا, ولكني آمل أن أفعل ذلك يوم الأربعاء في حفل التتويج." لم يقُل جوهان أي شيئ آخر, ولكني شعرت أنه يحملق في ببصره بينما كنتُ أصعدُ درجات السلّم.
The next morning, Johann seemed much more relaxed. When he heard that I was going to Strelsau, he said I could stay at his sister's house. She was married to a wealthy trader and she had invited him to stay with them for the coronation, but he was unable to go. I was very happy to have this opportunity and accepted his offer, so he said he would contact his sister at once and tell her to expect me that day.
في الصباح التالي, بدا جوهان أقل توترا بكثير. عندما علم أنني ذاهب إلى ستريلسو قال أن بإمكاني أن أقيم في منزل شقيقته التي كانت متزوجة من أحد التجار الأثرياء ودعت جوهان للبقاء معهما لحضور التتويج, لكنه لم يتمكن من الذهاب. كنتُ سعيدا للغاية بهذه الفرصة وقبلتُ ذلك العرض. قال لي جوهان أنه سيتصل بشقيقته على الفور ويطلب منها أن تنتظرني في ذلك اليوم.
I decided, however, that I still wanted to see the forest where the King was staying, so first I planned to walk for sixteen kilometres through the forest to the next station along the line, where I could catch a train to the capital. I did not tell Johann about this plan, as I did not think it would be important if I arrived at his sister's later in the day. So I sent my luggage on to the station and said goodbye to the old lady and her daughters, and set off up the hill towards the castle. After that, it was a short walk to get into the forest.
رغم ذلك, قررت أنني مازلت أرغب في مشاهدة الغابة التي كان يقيم فيها الملك, لذلك خططتُ في البداية أن أمشي عبر الغابة لمسافة ستة عشر كيلومترا على طول الطريق حتى المحطة التالية حيث يمكنني أن أركب قطارا إلى العاصمة. لم أخبر جوهان بهذا الترتيب لأنني لم أكن أعتقد أن وصولي إلى منزل شقيقته متأخرا ذلك اليوم شيئا ذا أهمية. لذلك, أرسلتُ حقائبي إلى المحطة وودعتُ السيدة العجوز وابنتيها ثم بدأتُ الرحلة صعودا إلى التل باتجاه القلعة. بعد ذلك, كانت هناك مسافة قصيرة أقطعها سيرا على الأقدام حتى أدخل الغابة.
Half an hour later, I reached the castle. It was very old but well built, with a moat all around it. Behind it was a large modern mansion, which was used by the Duke of Strelsau as his country home. The mansion was reached by a wide road, but the old castle could only be reached by a drawbridge between it and the mansion. I was pleased to see that the Duke had such a well-defended house, even if he were not to become King.
بعد ذلك بنصف ساعة, وصلتُ إلى القلعة. كانت قديمة جدا ولكن كان بناؤها متينا, ويحيطها خندق مائي من كل الجوانب. خلف القلعة كان هناك قصر حديث والذي كان يستخدمه دوق ستريلسو كمنزله الريفي. كان يتم الوصول إلى القصر بواسطة طريق عريض, ولكن كان يمكن الوصول إلى القلعة القديمة فقط عن طريق جسر متحرك يربط بين القلعة والقصر. كنتُ سعيدا عندما رأيتُ أن الدوق يمتلك مثل هذا المنزل جيد التحصين على الرغم أنه لن يصبح الملك.
Soon I reached the dark forest and I walked for about an hour, pleased that the tall trees gave me cool shade: not much sun reached the ground through the many leaves. It was a beautiful place and after a time I decided to rest by lying against one of the enormous trees. It was so quiet and peaceful in the forest that I soon fell into a deep sleep, forgetting all about the train I should have caught to Strelsau and my luggage that would be waiting at the station. I was just dreaming about living in the Castle of Zenda when a voice woke me: "Why, look at at him! It's amazing! He looks just like the King!"
وصلتُ إلى الغابة المظلمة بسرعة ومشيت فيها لمدة ساعة تقريبا. كنت مسرورا لأن الأشجار العالية كانت تمنحني ظلا يبعث على البرودة, فلم تكن الشمس تصل كثيرا إلى الأرض بسبب أوراق الأشجار الكثيرة. كان المكان جميلا, وبعد فترة من الوقت, قررتُ أن أستريح متكئا على إحدى الأشجار الضخمة. كان الجو هادئا جدا ويبعث على الطمأنينة في الغابة لدرجة أنني دخلتُ في سُبات عميق, ونسيت كل شيئ بخصوص القطار الذي كان عليّ أن أركبه إلى ستريلسو, وكذلك حقائبي التي كانت تنتظرني في المحطة. كنتُ أحلم في منامي أنني أسكن في قلعة زندا عندما استيقظت على صوتٍ ما يقول, "يا للعجب, أنظر إليه! هذا مذهل! أنه يشبه الملك تماما!"
I opened my eyes slowly and found two men looking at me. Both carried guns and were dressed for hunting. One of them was short but looked very tough with light blue eyes, and he looked like a soldier. The other was younger, thin and of medium height, and he looked like a gentleman. I later found out that my guesses were both correct.
فتحتُ عيني ببطء ووجدتُ رجلين ينظران إلي. كان يحمل كلا منهما بندقية ويرتديان ملابس الصيد. كان أحدهما قصيرا ولكنه بدا قوي البنية تماما, وكان لون عينيه أزرق فاتح, وكان يبدو وكأنه جندي. أما الآخر فكان أصغر عمرا, ونحيفا ومتوسط الطول, وكان يشبه النبلاء. واكتشفت فيما بعد أن تخميناتي عن كليهما كانت صحيحة.
The older man walked up to me and raised his hat to me politely, so I stood up. "He's about the same height as the King, too!" he said. "This really is extraordinary. What's your name, sir?"
"Perhaps you can tell me what your names are first?" I asked them.
The gentleman stepped forward with a smile and said, "Of course. This is Colonel Sapt, and my name's Fritz von Tarlenheim. We both work for the King of Ruritania."
اقترب مني الرجل الأكبر سنا ورفع قبعته لي بأدب, فوقفتُ على قدميّ. قال الرجل, "إنه تقريبا في نفس طول الملك أيضا, إن هذا شيئ مذهل حقا. ما اسمك يا سيدي؟" فسألتهما, "لعلكما تخبراني باسميكما أولا؟" فتقدم الرجل النبيل خطوة وهو يبتسم وقال, "بالطبع, هذا هو العقيد سابت, وأنا أدعى فريتز فون تارلنهايم. كلانا يعمل لدى ملك روريتانيا."
I shook their hands and told them, "I'm Rudolf Rassendyll. I'm a traveller from England and was an officer in the Queen's army."
"Well, we're officers for our King, so we understand each other well!" said Tarlenheim.
"Rassendyll, Rassendyll," said Colonel Sapt quietly. "I know! Are you one of the Burlesdons?" "My brother's the new Lord Burlesdon," I explained. "So, do I really look like the King?"
"You could be twins," said Fritz.
"Although you look like identical twins, you do not have identical personalities or skills. You two seem very different. If you were an officer for the Queen's army, Rassendyll, you must be good with a sword!" laughed Sapt.
صافحتهما وقلتُ لهما, "اسمي رودولف راسيندل. أنا مسافر وقادم من إنجلترا وكنت ضابطا في جيش الملكة." فقال تارلنهايم, "حسنا, نحن ضابطان لدى ملكنا, إذا فنحن نفهم بعضنا جيدا."
قال العقيد سابت بهدوء, "راسيندل, راسيندل, أنا أعرف ذلك, هل أنت أحد أفراد بيرلسدون؟" فشرحتُ له, "أخي هو اللورد بيرلسدون الجديد." ثم سألتهما, "هل أنا بالفعل أشبه الملك؟" فقال فريتز, "ربما تكونا توأمين." وقال سابت ضاحكا, "على الرغم أنكما كالتوأمين المتماثلين إلا أنكما لستما متماثلين في الشخصية أو في المهارات. أنتما تبدوان مختلفين تماما. فإذا كنتَ ضابطا في جيش الملكة يا راسيندل, فأنت بالتأكيد بارع في المبارزة بالسيف."
"Is the King not a fighting man?" I asked. "The King likes to live well," said Fritz. "Let's say he prefers eating to action, but he's a kind man and he's our King. We'd do anything for him."
"Perhaps we are alike then," I said, "because I like to have an easy life, too!"
At this moment, a voice came from the trees behind us. "Fritz? Where are you, Fritz?" Fritz looked worried, and then said quietly to me, "It's the King! He's coming here now."
سألتهما, "أليس الملك رجل مقاتل؟" فقال فريتز, "الملك يحب أن يعيش بشكل جيد. يمكن أن نقول أنه يفضل تناول الطعام أكثر من خوض المعارك, ولكنه رجل عطوف وهو ملكنا, ونحن على استعداد أن نفعل أي شيئ من أجله." فقلتُ لهما, "إذا ربما نكون متشابهين لأنني أحب أن أعيش الحياة السهلة أيضا." في هذه اللحظة, جاء صوت من بين الأشجار خلفنا يقول, "فريتز, أين أنت يا فريتز؟" بدا القلق على فريتز, ثم قال لي بصوت هادئ, "إنه الملك, إنه قادم إلى هنا الآن."
A young man then came out from behind a tree in the forest and stood in front of us. As I looked at him, I gave out a loud cry at the same time as he stood back in amazement to see me. Except perhaps for a centimetre or two difference in height, we looked so alike that the King of Ruritania might have been me, Rudolf Rassendyll, and I might have been him, the King of Ruritania.
ثم ظهر شاب من خلف إحدى الأشجار في الغابة ووقف أمامنا. عندما نظرت إليه, صدرت مني صرخة عالية في نفس الوقت الذي تراجع هو فيه للخلف في حالة ذهول من رؤيتي. فباستثناء وجود اختلاف في الطول بمقدار سنتيمتر أو اثنين, كنا نبدو متماثلين تماما لدرجة أنه من الجائز أن يكون ملك روريتانيا هو أنا, رودولف راسيندل, كما أن من الجائز أن أكون أنا هو, ملك روريتانيا.

Questions with Model Answers

What did Rose blame تلوم Rudolf for? What did she suggest he should do?
She blamed him for being unemployed عاطل and for not doing anything useful. She suggested he should accept Sir Jacob Borrodaile's offer to work for him in an embassy.
How did Rudolf Rassendyll account for برر his being idle عاطل (unemployed)?
He said that rich families like the Rassendylls didn't need to do things. He said he had enough money to do anything he wanted.
Despite being jobless, عاطل Rudolf boasted تباهى of his position in society. Discuss.
(How was Rudolf like the fox borrowing the tiger's might?) كالهرّ يحكي انتفاخا صَولة الأسدِ
He said that he enjoyed an important position in society as his brother was Lord Burlesdon and his sister-in-law was a countess.
What did Rudolf Rassendyll admit اعترف to Rose that he really was? (What did he not deny? ينكر) How did he justify برّر that?
He admitted that he was lazy. He said that rich families like the Rassendylls didn't need to do things.
What annoyed Rose when Rudolf was talking about his family?
He boasted of the Rassendyll family. Although Rose's family were rich, they were less important than the Rassendylls.
According to طبقا لـ Rudolf Rassendyll, how had he not been lazy all his life?
Or: What did Rudolf Rassendyll say about his education and his fighting skills?
He had studied hard and learned a lot when he was at a German school and university. He spoke some languages. He was good with a gun and a strong swordsman. He was very good at riding a horse.
According to Rose, what made a distinction يميز بين between Rudolf and his brother Robert apart fromفضلا عن Rudolf's red hair?
She said that Robert realised that his position in society had responsibilities, but Rudolf only saw opportunities in his position.
What news did Rose have for her brother-in-law? أخو زوجها
She said that Sir Jacob Borrodaile would offer Rudolf a real opportunity. He wanted Rudolf to work for him in an embassy.
Mention اذكر two reasons that influenced أثّرا على Rudolf to accept Sir Jacob Borrodaile's offer to work for him in an embassy?
First, Rose's way of asking people to do things that was impossible to refuse. Second, he thought the job sounded interesting.
What did Rudolf Rassendyll decide to do during the six months before starting his new job?
He decided that he would visit Ruritania, a small country in the middle of Europe.
Why did Rudolf Rassendyll's family always have an interest in Ruritania?
Because in 1733 Countess Amelia Rassendyll married a member of the Ruritanian royal family, the Elphbergs.
Whose paintings لوحات من did Lord Burlesdon have on his walls?
He had paintings of Countess Amelia Rassendyll and her descendants.
How did the relationship by marriage (affinity) المصاهرة between the Rassendylls and the Elphbergs affect the appearance of Rudolf Rassendyll?
Rudolf Rassendyll was the latest one to have the appearance of the Ruritanian royal family. He had red hair and a straight nose.
What did Rassendyll read that helped his decision to travel to Ruritania?
He read that Rudolf the Fifth was to become King of Ruritania in the next three weeks, and that amazing celebrations were planned for that joyous occasion. He decided to see such a fantastic event.
What lies الأكاذيب did Rassendyll tell Rose before his journey to Ruritania? Why did he tell her these lies?
First, he told her that he was going walking in the Alps because he did not like to tell people where he went on his travels. Second, he told her he was going to write a book about social problems in the country because he did not want her to think he was being lazy.
What was Uncle William's advice that Rassendyll decided to take? يعمل بها
Or: Why did Rassendyll spend 24 hours in Paris on his way to Ruritania?
Rassendyll's Uncle William always said that no man should ever pass through Paris without spending twenty-four hours in the city.
Who did Rassendyll call on يزور in Paris? What did they do? ما وظائفهما
He called on his old friends, George Featherly, who worked at the embassy, and Bertram Bertrand, who was a famous journalist in Paris.
What did Bertram Bertrand tell Rassendyll about Antoinette du Mauban?
She was a lady who was well known for her wealth and ambition.
What did George Featherly tell Rassendyll about the Duke of Strelsau?
He said that he was the half-brother to the King of Ruritania. He was his father's favourite son.
Why did Rassendyll not tell George that he was going to Ruritania?
He didn't want the newspapers to know about his going to Ruritania.
Who did George talk to when he went with Rassendyll to the station? What did she look like?
He talked to Antoinette du Mauban. She was a beautiful, tall and fashionably dressed lady of about thirty.
Why did the guards at the Ruritanian border stare at Rassendyll and his passport before letting him into the country?
Because Rassendyll looked exactly like the King of Ruritania.
Why did Rassendyll decide to stop at Zenda instead of بدلا من going directly to Ruritania? What would he do at Zenda?
Because the hotels in Ruritania were full with people who wanted to see the coronation. At Zenda, he could see the town's famous castle.
Why wasn't the old woman (the hotel owner) at Zenda interested in what happened in the capital, Strelsau?
Because she loved the Duke of Strelsau and she wished he was the new king and not his brother.
According to the hotel owner, why was Duke Michael popular with محبوب من many people in Ruritania unlike على عكس his brother?
Duke Michael always lived in Ruritania and he cared about the people. As for the King, he was almost a stranger. He had been abroad for most of his life and not many people even knew what he looked like.
What did Johann offer that Rassendyll could do? Why was Rassendyll happy to have this opportunity?
He offered that Rassendyll could stay at his sister's house in Strelsau. Rassendyll was happy because the hotels in Ruritania were full with people who wanted to see the coronation.
How was the Castle of Zenda well-defended?
It was well built, with a moat all around it. Behind it was a large mansion. The castle could only be reached by a drawbridge between it and the mansion.
Who did Colonel Sapt and Fritz work for? What did they look like?
They worked for the King of Ruritania. Colonel Sapt was short but looked very tough with light blue eyes. He looked like a soldier. Fritz was younger, thin and of medium height. He looked like a gentleman.
To what extent لأي مدى were Rudolf Rassendyll and the King of Ruritania alike?
They looked so alike except perhaps for a centimetre or two difference in height.

Quotations with Model Answers

"Are you ever going to do anything useful?"
Who said this? To whom?
Rose, to Rudolf Rassendyll.
What was the relation between these two persons?
Rose was Rudolf's sister-in-law.
What did the speaker mean by "do anything useful"?
She meant that Rudolf should get a job instead of being idle.

"Why should I do anything? I have nearly enough money to do anything I want to."
(A) Who said this? To whom?
Rudolf Rassendyll, to Rose.
(B) What else did the speaker enjoy that made him unwilling غير راغب to work?
He enjoyed an important position in society.
(C) What does the speaker's words reveal تكشف about his / her personality?
They reveal that he was a lazy person who liked to have an easy life.
"It's true. I'm a member of the Rassendyll family and our family don't need to do things."
(D) Who said this? To whom?
Rudolf Rassendyll, to Rose.
(E) What did the speaker admit that it was true?
He admitted that he did nothing except be lazy.
(F) What was the effect of these words on the other person? Why?
These words annoyed Rose, because her family were rich but less important than the Rassendylls.

"It's not just your red hair that makes you different from your brother."
(G) Who said these words? To whom?
Rose, to Rudolf Rassendyll.
(H) When did the addressed person's family start to have members with red hair?
In 1733, when Countess Amelia Rassendyll married a member of the Ruritanian royal family, the Elphbergs.
(I) According to the speaker, what another difference was there between the two brothers?
Robert realised that his position in society had responsibilities, but Rudolf only saw opportunities in his position.


"He also realises his position in society has responsibilities. You only see opportunities in yours."
(J) Who said these words? To whom?
Rose, to Rudolf Rassendyll.
(K) Who was the speaker comparing تقارن the addressed person with?
She was comparing Rudolf with his brother Robert. (Lord Burlesdon)
(L) What was the addressed person's reply to these words?
He said that to a man like him, opportunities are responsibilities.

"Sir Jacob Borrodaile tells me he'll offer you a real opportunity."
(M) Who said these words? To whom?
Rose, to Rudolf Rassendyll.
(N) What opportunity would Sir Jacob offer to the addressed person?
He would offer that Rudolf could work for him in an embassy.
(O) Did the addressed person accept that offer? Why / Why not?
Yes, Rudolf accepted the offer because the job sounded interesting.

"Oh, Rudolf, how good of you!"
(P) Who said these words?
Rose.
(Q) What did the speaker praise امتدحت Rudolf for?
She praised him because he accepted Sir Jacob's offer to work for him.
(R) Why was the speaker angry with Rudolf a few minutes earlier?
Because he was idle and he didn't do anything useful.

"You are going to write a book? That would be a good thing to do."
(S) Who said these words? To whom?
Rose, to Rudolf Rassendyll.
(T) Did that person really intend to write a book? If not, why did he claim ادعى so?
No, he didn't. Because he didn't want Rose to think he was being lazy.
(U) What was the claimed المزعوم book about?
It was about the social problems in the country (in the Alps).

"Yes, indeed. Writing a book's the best way to get into politics."
(V) Who said these words? To whom?
Robert, to his wife Rose.
(W) Why should the speaker know this well?
Because he had written many books himself.
(X) On what occasion في أي مناسبة (موقف) did the speaker say so?
When his brother, Rudolf, told them he was going to write a book.

"We've had quite a few important people visiting the city recently."
Who said these words? To whom?
Bertram Bertrand, to Rudolf Rassendyll.
Which city was he referring to?
Paris.
Whose name of those important people did the speaker mention?
He mentioned the name of Antoinette du Mauban.

"She's a lady who's well known for her wealth and ambition. But she's leaving Paris today."
Who said these words? To whom?
Bertram Bertrand, to Rudolf Rassendyll.
Who was that lady?
Antoinette du Mauban.
Why did that lady go to Paris? What was her next destination? جهة السفر
She was a guest of the Duke of Strelsau. She was going to Ruritania.

"I met him at the embassy yesterday."
Who said these words? To whom?
George Featherly, to Rudolf Rassendyll.
Who did the speaker meet at the embassy? What did he say about that person?
He met the Duke of Strelsau. He said that he was the half-brother of the King of Ruritania. He was his father's favourite son. George thought the Duke wished he were the King.
What was the speaker's job?
He worked at the English embassy in Paris.

"You have an important person to travel with."
Who said these words? To whom?
George Featherly, to Rudolf Rassendyll.
Who was that important person?
Antoinette du Mauban.
What was the final destination of both the persons who were travelling?
They were going to Ruritania.


"He's always lived in Ruritania and he cares about the people."
Who said these words? To whom?
The old woman (The hotel owner), to Rudolf Rassendyll.
Who was the speaker talking about?
Duke Michael. (Duke of Strelsau)
What was the result of that person's caring about the people?
Many people liked him and wished he was the new King and not his brother.


"Now the King's staying in a hunting lodge in the forest."
Who said these words? To whom?
The old woman (The hotel owner), to Rudolf Rassendyll.
How did the addressed person feel on hearing this? What did he decide then?
He was very interested. He decided to walk in the forest the next day so that he might see the King.
Why did the King go there?
Because his brother, Duke Michael, had invited him.


"I wish he'd stay there in the forest. People say he only likes hunting and good food."
Who said these words? To whom?
The old woman (The hotel owner), to Rudolf Rassendyll.
Why did the speaker not like the person she was talking about?
Because he was almost a stranger. He had been abroad for most of his life and not many people even knew what he looked like.
What else ما الشيئ الآخر did she wish that person to do?
She wished he would let the Duke become their King.


"But why's the King here, if it's the Duke's land?"
Who asked this question? To whom?
Rudolf Rassendyll, to the old woman. (the hotel owner)
What answer did the speaker get to his question?
The old woman said that the Duke had invited the King to go there.
Where was the Duke at the time of this conversation?
He was in Strelsau, the capital city of Ruritania.

"I don't know if you can be good friends if you want the same thing."
Who said this? To whom?
The old woman (The hotel owner), to Rudolf Rassendyll.
What did the speaker mean by these words?
She meant that both the King and the Duke wanted to be King of Ruritania, so they could be enemies, not friends.
According to the addressed person, who had the right to الحق في that thing?
Rassendyll thought it was the older brother's right to become king.

"It's the red hair. We don't often see it in our country unless you're part of the King's family, the Elphbergs."
Who was speaking?
One of the old woman's daughters.
What did the speaker mean by "It's the red hair"?
She meant that Johann was amazed when he saw Rassendyll's red hair.
Was any of the addressed persons part of the King's family, the Elphbergs? How?
Yes, Rassendyll. In 1733 Countess Amelia Rassendyll married a member of the Ruritanian royal family, the Elphbergs .

"Good evening, sir. I'm sorry, I didn't expect to see any new guests here."
Who said these words? To whom?
Johann, the Duke's servant, to Rassendyll.
What did the speaker apologize for?
He apologized for staring at Rassendyll in surprise.
What didn't the speaker really expect?
He didn't expect to see a man who looked exactly like the King.

"Well, we're officers for our King, so we understand each other well!"
Who said these words? To whom?
Tarlenheim, to Rassendyll.
What did the the addressed person say that made the speaker make this remark?
Rassendyll said that he was an officer in the Queen's army.
Where did this conversation take place?
In the forest, near the Castle of Zenda.

Exercises

Answer the following questions:
What did Rose complain تشكو about concerning her brother-in-law, Rudolf?
How did Rudolf Rassendyll have a tendency نزعة / ميل to be lazy?
Although Rassendyll and Rose belonged to the same upper class, الطبقة الارستقراطية Rose was offended جرحت مشاعرها by his words. Discuss.
What do you know about Rassendyll's education?
What skills did Rassendyll have?
According to Rose, Rudolf and Robert were different not only in appearance but also in personality. Discuss.
What real opportunity would Sir Jacob Borrodaile offer to Rassendyll?
Why did Rassendyll accept Sir Jacob Borrodaile's offer to work for him? Give two reasons.
What did Rassendyll tell Rose about taking the job even if it were in a terrible embassy?
What did Rassendyll plan to do in the six months before the new job would start?
What old relationship was there between the Rassendylls and the Elphbergs?
Rudolf Rassendyll was the latest one in his family to have the appearance of the Ruritanian royal family. Discuss.
What helped Rassendyll's decision to visit Ruritania after he had read The Times newspaper?
Why did Rassendyll not like to tell Rose that he was going to Ruritania?
What made Rassendyll claim يدّعي that he was going to write a book about social problems in the country?
What did Robert tell his brother Rudolf about writing a book?
What did Uncle William always say about visiting Paris?
Who did Rassendyll call on when he went to Paris?
What did Bertram Bertrand tell Rassendyll about Antoinette du Mauban?
Who did George Featherly meet at the embassy in Paris? What did he tell Rassendyll about him?
Who was the important person that travelled in the same train with Rassendyll? What did she look like?
Why was Rassendyll surprised when the guards checked his passport at the Ruritanian border?
Why did Rassendyll decide to stop at Zenda on his way to Ruritania?
Why did the hotel owner love Duke Michael more than his brother?
According to the old woman (the hotel owner), what did many Ruritanian people wish concerning بخصوص the new king?
Why did the King of Ruritania go to the Duke's land? Where was the King staying there?
Why were the guards at the Ruritanian border, Johann, Sapt and Fritz amazed as soon as they set eyes on وقع بصرهم على Rassendyll?
What favour did Johann offer to do Rassendyll? Why was Rassendyll very happy to have that opportunity?
Why did Rassendyll decide he wanted to see the forest?
Why was Rassendyll pleased when he saw the Castle of Zenda?
How did the Castle of Zenda have sufficient كافي defences against any attack?
Why was there not much sun on the ground of the forest?
Why did Rassendyll fall into a deep sleep in the forest?
What was Rassendyll dreaming about when a voice woke him in the forest?
What did Rassendyll guess about the two men who woke him in the forest?
What did Rassendyll, Colonel Sapt and Fritz have in common? ما العامل المشترك بينهم
Rassendyll and the King of Ruritania looked like identical twins, yet ومع ذلك they did not have identical skills. Discuss.




Read the following quotations and then answer the questions:


1- "And I enjoy an important position in society."
(A) Who said this? To whom?
(B) What important position did the speaker mean?
(C) What did that important position make the speaker not want to do?
2- "She's angry because she thinks I don't do anything."
(A) Who said these words? To whom?
(B) Who were they talking about?
(C) What did "she" want the speaker to do in particular? تحديدا
3- "To a man like me, opportunities are responsibilities."
(A) Who said these words? To whom?
(B) Why did the speaker say so?
(C) What did the speaker mean by, "a man like me"?
4- " He's going to be an ambassador in six months' time, and he says he's happy for you to work for him."
(A) Who said this? To whom?
(B) Who was going to be an ambassador?
(C) What was the addressed person's reply to that offer? Why?
5- "Sir Jacob doesn't know which country it will be, but he's sure it'll be a good embassy."
(A) Who said these words? To whom?
(B) What was the addressed person going to do in that embassy?
(C) What was the addressed person's comment when he heard this?
6- "He probably wishes he were the King. I don't think he likes being a Duke."
(A) Who said this? To whom?
(B) Which Duke were they talking about?
(C) In which city did this conversation take place?
7- "He's been abroad for most of his life and not many people even know what he looks like."
(A) Who said these words? To whom?
(B) Who were they talking about?
(C) How was that person's popularity شعبية affected by his living abroad for long?
8- "Well I don't like Duke Michael."
(A) Who said this? To whom?
(B) Why did the speaker say so?
(C) How did one of the listeners have a different opinion of Duke Michael?
9- "I feel sorry for the Duke, but it's right that the older brother becomes king."
(A) Who said this? To whom?
(B) Was there a problem about who would be King? What was that problem?
(C) Who did the addressed person sympathize with? يتعاطف مع Why?
10- "What's the matter, Johann? This gentleman's come to our country to see the coronation."
(A) Who said these words?
(B) Who was Johann?
(C) What happened to Johann when he saw that gentleman? Why?
11- "Sir, have you ever seen our King?"
(A) Who said these words? To whom?
(B) What was the other person's answer to this question?
(C) Why did the speaker ask this question?
12- "He's about the same height as the King, too! This really is extraordinary."
(A) Who said this? To whom?
(B) Why were these people amazed?
(C) Where did this conversation take place?
13- "I'm a traveller from England and was an officer in the Queen's army."
(A) Who said these words? To whom?
(B) Why did that person travel from England?
(C) What did the other persons say on knowing that the speaker was an officer?
14- "Although you look like identical twins, you do not have identical personalities or skills."
(A) Who said these words? To whom?
(B) Who looked like identical twins?
(C) According to the speaker, how were the skills of these two persons different?
15- "Perhaps we are alike then, because I like to have an easy life, too!"
(A) Who said these words? To whom?
(B) Who did the speaker mean by "we"?
(C) To what extent were these two persons similar in appearance?




Find the mistake in each of the following sentences:
Rose praised Rudolf Rassendyll for doing many useful things.
Rassendyll enjoyed an important position in society: his brother was the Duke of Strelsau and his sister-in-law was a countess.
Rose's family were richer and more important than the Rassendylls.
Rassendyll studied at a French school and a French university.
Rassendyll didn't know how to speak any languages except English and German.
Rassendyll was neither good with a sword nor with a gun.
Rose thought that there was no difference between Rudolf and her husband apart from ماعدا Rudolf's red hair.
Rassendyll refused Sir Jacob Borrodaile's offer to work for him as he was lazy.
Rassendyll decided to do nothing and relax during the six months before his new job would start.
In 1733, Countess Rose married a member of the Ruritanian royal family.
Lord Burlesdon had paintings of Countess Amelia Rassendyll and her ancestors.
Rassendyll read that Rudolf the Fourth was to become King of Ruritania.
Rassendyll told Rose he was going walking in the Alps as he didn't want her to think he was being lazy.
Rose and Robert discouraged Rassendyll from writing a book.
Uncle William always said that no man should ever pass Dresden without spending twenty-four hours in the city.
George was Rassendyll's old friend who was a famous journalist in Paris.
People said that the King of Ruritania was his father's favourite son.
Rassendyll told George Featherly about his visit to Ruritania.
Rassendyll saw Antoinette du Mauban in the dining car on the train to Dresden.
In Ruritania, Rassendyll read in the newspaper that the King's coronation was to be in three weeks' time.
Zenda was a small town 10 km from Strelsau and 80 km from the border.
As Rassendyll got off the train, he saw Antoinette who got off at Zenda, too.
The hotel owner loved the King as he always lived in Ruritania and cared about the people.
The King was staying in the Castle of Zenda. From there he would travel to the capital for his coronation.
The old woman and her two daughters liked Duke Michael.
Duke Michael didn't want to be King, so he went to Strelsau to prepare for his brother's coronation.
Rassendyll sympathized with Duke Michael and said it was his right to be king.
Te old woman's daughter said that a few number of the Elphbergs had red hair.
Rassendyll told Johann that he had seen the King of Ruritania before.
Rassendyll asked Johann if he could let him stay at Johann's sister's house.
Johann's sister was married to a wealthy craftsman.
The castle was modern and well built, with a moat all around.
Behind the castle was a mansion, which was used by the Duke as a hunting lodge.
The old castle was only reached by a tunnel between it and the mansion.
Rassendyll was annoyed to see that the Duke had a well-defended house.
Rassendyll couldn't sleep well in the forest as it was noisy and terrifying.
Tarlenheim was short, tough with light blue eyes. He looked like a soldier.
Rudolf told Colonel Sapt and Fritz that he was an officer in the King's army.
Colonel Sapt said that Rassendyll and the King were identical in appearance, personalities and skills.
Fritz said that the King liked to live well and he preferred action to eating.